This study  aimed to examine the level of fish species diversity in the Boro Haor located at Amtali village within the Bishwanath (sub-district) of Sylhet district, Bangladesh. A total of 53 species were distributed among 23 families and 10 orders. Among these, the order Cypriniformes stood out as the most dominant, accounting for 34% of the recorded species, followed by Perciformes at 24%, Siluriformes at 22%, Synbranchiformes at 6%, and Tetraodontiformes at 2%. The dominant family observed in the study area was Cyprinidae, comprising 34% of the recorded species, followed by Channidae at 8%, and both Bagridae and Siluridae at 6%. According to a report by IUCN Bangladesh (2015), an extensive evaluation indicated that 19 fish species were categorized as being at risk. Two of these species were classified as critically endangered, seven as endangered, and ten as vulnerable. The primary threats to the diversity of fish were identified as indiscriminate overfishing, with fishing practices that involved the depletion of wetlands being the subsequent concern, the adoption of the katha fishing technique, and the use of outdated fishing equipment. To ensure the effective conservation of existing fisheries resources,  minimizing human-induced impacts, implementing fishing regulations, establishing and managing fish sanctuaries, and enhancing public awareness is of utmost importance.