In many nations around the world, including Bangladesh, agroforestry has long been a crucial component of rural subsistence. It is a sustainable land-use practice that can simultaneously promote the achievement of at least 9 out of 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), especially SDG 1 (poverty reduction), SDG 2 (zero hunger), SDG 13 (climate action) and SDG 15 (sustainable life on land). The present study was designed to document the present status of agroforestry practices and its role in improving the livelihoods of farmers in Golapganj of Sylhet in Bangladesh. Data were collected through personal interview from 60 randomly selected respondents from the village Gondamara and Turupbag of Bagha union of Golapganj upazila in Sylhet during January to July 2018. Focus Group Discussion (FGD) was conducted to validate the information and collected data were analyzed using SPSS statistical software. A total of 86 plant species have been found, in which 34 are fruit species, 4 are woods, 29 are vegetables, 12 are herbal, and 7 are spices. Of them, Kanthal (Artocarpus heterophyllus) was the most dominant (85%) species. There were 32 recorded production activities, with Oryza sativa, Psidium guajava, vegetables, and Areca catechu being the major ones (>70%) and Piper betle, Garcinia pedunculata, Moringa oleifera, Piper nigrum, and Apis mellifera being the minor ones (14%). In addition, 21 agroforestry systems were documented (Agrosilviculture, silvoagriculture, silvoagripasture, apiculture with trees, silvopasture, and aquasilvoculture etc.). Homestead agroforestry was the mostly practiced agroforestry practice in the study site. According to respondents’ perception near about 29 plants species increased in Golapgonj in which Acacia, Psidium guajava, Areca catechu and Solanum lycopersicum are the most. The highest Shannon-Weaver Diversity Index (H‛) was 0.94 in vegetable species while highest relative abundance was 44% in fruit and timber species. In the study region, various aspects of livelihood improvement were seen. 97% of them who responded firmly agreed that agroforestry techniques enhanced their health, nutrition, and lifestyle. So, there are huge scopes for transforming traditional agroforestry such as (Homestead agroforestry, pineapple based agroforestry) systems to modern agroforestry systems for improving farmer’s livelihoods through higher production, income and environmental services which would eventually be facilitated to achieve SDGs.