Rivers carry water and nutrients to areas all around the earth and provide excellent food and habitat for different microorganisms and also important for livelihood resides in the bank of the river. With an ever-growing population demand for water and increasing climate uncertainty, there is pressing need for improved understanding of the underlying patterns of natural variability of water resources and consideration of their implications for water resource management and conservation. In this regard various climatic parameters such as rainfall, temperature, humidity etc. shown significant trends in river water level. Rainfall, which was regarded as a main influencing factor found to same in the changes occurred during the study period, except the month of April to July. The change of the maximum and minimum temperature over the year was also found almost constant. As the temperature increases, the rate of evaporation also increases which tends to decline the river stage. But, the highest rainfall has put a significant influence to maintain the evaporation loss. In respect of humidity, the higher relative humidity occurred during the months from May to July in every year. In the winter season, evaporation occurred at a higher rate as the relative humidity decreases. As a result, river water level declines but during monsoon the river stages regain its original phase. Climatic parameters played an important role on river water level. Studies on geological settings reveal that the sediment deposition during the Holocene passing through the Sylhet basin occurred at a higher subsiding rate. It may be concluded from the study that an optimum utilization of land and water resources by understanding the morphological process and subsequent prediction for any intervention in Sylhet basin for the development of lives and livelihoods in the area.