Land suitability assessment is important to identify environmental limitations that affect growth, development, and chilli production. A study on land suitability assessment of chilli for the Sylhet district of Bangladesh was performed to measure suitable lands for its higher productivity. The maps for the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI) were generated from Landsat-8 satellite images. Other vector layers for soil and climate were transformed into raster datasets. Finally, ArcGIS software used a weighted overlay spatial analysis to identify and measure lands under different suitability classes. The study results showed that the lands for highly suitable, moderately suitable, marginally suitable, and not suitable categories were 15,187; 93,909; 207,908; and 3,396 hectares which accounted for 4.74, 29.31, 64.89, and 1.06 percent, respectively. The developed land suitability assessment model for chilli would be a valuable tool for scientists, agricultural extension workers, and land policymakers to take further initiatives to increase the production and sustainable management of agricultural lands in the study area.