Chemicals and drugs are widely used to increase aquaculture production in Bangladesh. The study was conducted in public and private aquaculture farms, hatcheries, nurseries and aquaculture entrepreneurs located in North-Eastern Bangladesh to know the status of chemicals and aqua drugs. Data were collected through questionnaire interview, personal contact, market survey and participatory rural appraisal (PRA) i.e. focus group discussion (FGD) with fish hatchery owners, nursery and culture farmers and retailers of aqua medicine and representatives of pharmaceutical companies. A number of diseases were reported in the study area by the farmers i.e. dropsy, fin and tail rot, and Epizootic Ulcerative Syndrome (EUS), which were treated using different chemicals and antibiotics. A variety of aqua drugs and chemicals were used in aquaculture for pond management, oxygen supplier, toxic gas reducer, antibiotics and growth promoters. JV zeolite, Oxymax, Bio Aqua-50, Oxy-dox F, Acemix Super Fish, etc. were used as growth promoters. Five brand antibiotics, with the trade names of Oxy-Dox-F, Doxy-A-Vet, Oxy-D-Vet, Oxy-tetra vet and Eskamycine, were used for treatment of diseases with the dosage of 0.8 mg kg-1 feed, 1 mg kg-1 feed, 15 – 20 g per 100 kg fish, 0.8 – 1.0 mg kg-1 feed and 1 – 1.5 g kg-1 feed, respectively. Liming (0.5 – 1 kg decimal-1) was the most common treatment used by the farmers. Salt (250 – 500 g decimal-1) and potassium permanganate (5 – 15 ppm) were also used. Some farms used pesticide to control parasitic infection in their ponds. Several under reported fish diseases were also found that could not be confirmed by laboratory diagnosis during this study. Further studies for laboratory diagnosis of the diseases are recommended to identify the actual causes and treatment.